Erythropoiesis
Erythropoiesis production Structure and Function of Red blood cells Anaemia
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Question 1
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
Explanation
Red blood cells primarily function to transport oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs.
Question 2
What is erythropoiesis?
Explanation
Erythropoiesis is the process through which red blood cells are produced in the body.
Question 3
Which organ is primarily responsible for stimulating erythropoiesis?
Explanation
The kidneys produce erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.
Question 4
Anemia is characterized by a deficiency in what component?
Explanation
Anemia is a condition marked by a deficiency in red blood cells, which can lead to reduced oxygen transport.
Question 5
What is the lifespan of a typical red blood cell?
Explanation
Red blood cells typically have a lifespan of about 120 days before they are broken down and recycled.
Question 6
Which vitamin is crucial for the production of red blood cells?
Explanation
Vitamin B12 is essential for the formation and maturation of red blood cells.
Question 7
What condition is indicated by low levels of hemoglobin in red blood cells?
Explanation
Anemia is specifically characterized by low levels of hemoglobin, leading to reduced oxygen delivery to tissues.
Question 8
Which of the following can lead to anemia?
Explanation
Iron deficiency is a common cause of anemia, as iron is a critical component of hemoglobin.
Question 9
What part of the red blood cell is responsible for oxygen transport?
Explanation
Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen and enables its transport throughout the body.
Question 10
Which type of anemia is caused by insufficient folic acid?
Explanation
Megaloblastic anemia results from a deficiency of folic acid or vitamin B12, affecting red blood cell production.
Question 11
What is the role of erythropoietin in the body?
Explanation
Erythropoietin is a hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells.
Question 12
Which of the following cells play a crucial role in the immune response, unlike red blood cells?
Explanation
B cells are a type of white blood cell involved in producing antibodies as part of the immune response, unlike red blood cells, which do not participate in immunity.
Question 13
What is a common symptom of anemia?
Explanation
Fatigue is a common symptom of anemia due to reduced oxygen delivery to the body's tissues.
Question 14
Which condition is characterized by the overproduction of red blood cells?
Explanation
Polycythemia is a condition where there is an overproduction of red blood cells, which can lead to increased blood viscosity.
Question 15
What role do reticulocytes play in erythropoiesis?
Explanation
Reticulocytes are immature red blood cells that are released into circulation from the bone marrow and develop into mature erythrocytes.
Question 16
What is the primary structural component of the red blood cell membrane?
Explanation
The lipid bilayer of the red blood cell membrane is primarily composed of phospholipids, which provide structure and flexibility.
Question 17
What is the normal range of hemoglobin levels in adult males?
Explanation
The normal hemoglobin levels for adult males typically range from 13.5 to 17.5 grams per deciliter.
Question 18
Which of the following cells are known as erythrocytes?
Explanation
Erythrocytes is another term for red blood cells, which are responsible for gas transport in the circulatory system.
Question 19
What is the primary function of red blood cells (RBCs)?
Explanation
The primary function of red blood cells is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and organs of the body.
Question 20
Which of the following conditions is characterized by a deficiency in the number or quality of red blood cells?
Explanation
Anaemia is a condition characterized by a deficiency in the number or quality of red blood cells, leading to reduced oxygen transport in the body.