GEMP - Cellular physiology
Cellular Physiology Introduction Cellular physiology is the study of the biochemical and biophysical processes that occur within cells, the fundamental units of life. Understanding cellular physiology is essential in medicine as it lays the groundwork for comprehending how cells function in health and disease, influencing everything from drug action to disease pathology. Key Concepts 1. Cel...
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Question 1
Which organelle is responsible for generating ATP through cellular respiration?
Explanation
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, generating ATP through cellular respiration.
Question 2
What best describes the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?
Explanation
The fluid mosaic model describes the cell membrane's flexibility, allowing proteins to move within the lipid bilayer.
Question 3
In the context of signal transduction, what is the role of second messengers?
Explanation
Second messengers are molecules that relay signals from receptors to target molecules within the cell, amplifying and integrating the signal.
Question 4
Homeostasis is crucial for cellular function. What does it primarily involve?
Explanation
Homeostasis involves the maintenance of stable internal conditions, which includes regulating pH levels and ion concentrations.
Question 5
Which process requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient?
Explanation
Active transport requires energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient.
Question 6
What is a key characteristic of cancer cells regarding metabolism?
Explanation
Cancer cells often exhibit altered metabolic pathways, such as the Warburg effect, preferring glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen.
Question 7
Which misconception about passive transport is common?
Explanation
A common misconception is that passive transport only involves small or nonpolar molecules; however, facilitated diffusion allows larger or charged molecules to cross membranes.
Question 8
The role of ribosomes in cells is primarily associated with which process?
Explanation
Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, where they read mRNA to produce polypeptides.