Cardiovascular System
Heart and great vessels Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation
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Time limit: 10 minutes
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Question 1
What is the primary function of the systemic circulation?
Explanation
The systemic circulation primarily delivers oxygen and nutrients from the heart to body tissues.
Question 2
Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium?
Explanation
The superior vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body back to the right atrium of the heart.
Question 3
What is the role of the pulmonary circulation?
Explanation
Pulmonary circulation is responsible for transporting carbon dioxide from the body to the lungs where it can be exhaled.
Question 4
Which of the following structures separates the right atrium from the right ventricle?
Explanation
The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle, preventing backflow of blood.
Question 5
What type of blood does the pulmonary veins carry?
Explanation
Pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
Question 6
Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
Explanation
The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.
Question 7
The aorta is responsible for...
Explanation
The aorta is the main artery that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
Question 8
During which phase of the cardiac cycle does the heart muscle contract?
Explanation
Systole is the phase when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers.
Question 9
Which artery carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
Explanation
The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs for oxygenation.
Question 10
What is the primary purpose of the valves in the heart?
Explanation
The valves in the heart prevent the backflow of blood, ensuring unidirectional blood flow through the chambers.
Question 11
What component of blood is primarily involved in nutrient transport?
Explanation
Plasma, the liquid component of blood, serves to transport nutrients throughout the circulatory system.
Question 12
What is the largest vein in the human body?
Explanation
The inferior vena cava is the largest vein in the body, carrying deoxygenated blood from the lower half back to the heart.
Question 13
Where does the oxygen exchange occur in the circulatory system?
Explanation
Oxygen exchange occurs in the capillaries, where oxygen is delivered to tissues and carbon dioxide is collected.
Question 14
What role does the left ventricle play in the circulatory system?
Explanation
The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta, which supplies blood to the body.
Question 15
Which structure prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium?
Explanation
The mitral valve prevents the backflow of blood into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts.
Question 16
The term 'cardiac cycle' refers to...
Explanation
The cardiac cycle is the sequence of events in one complete heartbeat, including contraction and relaxation of the heart.
Question 17
Which system includes all the vessels that transport blood throughout the body?
Explanation
The circulatory system comprises the heart, blood, and blood vessels, facilitating blood transport throughout the body.
Question 18
What structure connects arteries and veins?
Explanation
Capillaries connect arteries and veins, allowing for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products.
Question 19
Which part of the heart is responsible for initiating the heartbeat?
Explanation
The sinoatrial node, located in the right atrium, generates electrical impulses that initiate the heartbeat.
Question 20
What is the primary function of the pulmonary circulation?
Explanation
The primary function of the pulmonary circulation is to transport deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs, where it receives oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.