Intrinsic pathway of apoptosis
Intrinsic Mechanism of Apoptosis Introduction Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, is a crucial biological process that allows organisms to eliminate unnecessary or damaged cells in a controlled manner. The intrinsic mechanism of apoptosis is particularly vital as it is triggered by internal cellular signals, such as DNA damage or stress, and plays a significant role in maintaini...
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Question 1
What is apoptosis commonly referred to as?
Explanation
Apoptosis is specifically defined as programmed cell death, a crucial process for eliminating unnecessary or damaged cells or tissues.
Question 2
Which process contrasts with apoptosis due to its uncontrolled nature?
Explanation
Necrosis is uncontrolled cell death resulting from injury, contrasting with the orderly process of apoptosis.
Question 3
Which cellular organelles are primarily involved in the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis?
Explanation
The mitochondria play a central role in the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, being responsible for releasing cytochrome c into the cytosol.
Question 4
What is the role of caspase-9 in the apoptotic process?
Explanation
Caspase-9 is activated in the cytosol when cytochrome c binds to Apaf-1, forming the apoptosome and triggering the caspase cascade.
Question 5
Which of the following is a pro-apoptotic protein?
Explanation
Bax is a pro-apoptotic protein that promotes apoptosis by supporting mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP).
Question 6
What can excessive apoptosis in neurons contribute to?
Explanation
Excessive apoptosis in neurons can contribute to neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease.
Question 7
Which protein family is crucial for regulating apoptosis?
Explanation
The Bcl-2 family of proteins, consisting of both pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic members, is crucial for regulating the process of apoptosis.
Question 8
What misconception exists about apoptosis?
Explanation
A common misconception is that apoptosis is synonymous with rapid cell death, while it is actually a regulated process that preserves surrounding tissue health.