GEMP - Mechanism of cell injury

Mechanism of Cell Injury Introduction Cell injury is a critical topic in medical studies as it forms the foundation for understanding various disease processes and their pathophysiology. The mechanisms underlying cell injury contribute significantly to the progression of diseases ranging from acute trauma to chronic degenerative conditions. A comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms is...

Quiz Type

Practice

Subject

Pathology

Level

Level 300

Questions

9 questions

Created By

Premio Quest

Quick Rules

Time limit: 4 minutes
Multiple attempts are not allowed
All questions must be answered to submit

Share Quiz

Share via Email

Share Link

Share on Social Media

Quiz Questions Preview

Edit Questions

Question 1 of 9

Question 1

Basic multiple choice Remembering understanding

Which of the following correctly defines reversible cell injury?

Cell death occurs immediately upon stress exposure.

It is characterized by apoptosis only.

Cells can recover if the stress is alleviated.

Correct

It always leads to significant inflammation.

Explanation

Reversible cell injury refers to conditions where the cells can recover upon the alleviation of stress, characterized by changes like cellular swelling and fatty change.

Question 2

Basic multiple choice Remembering understanding

What is the primary consequence of ischemia compared to hypoxia?

Ischemia leads to direct cell death only.

Ischemia involves nutrient loss and waste accumulation.

Correct

Hypoxia results from excessive blood flow.

Hypoxia is always reversible if oxygen is restored.

Explanation

Ischemia combines hypoxia with a reduction in blood flow, leading to nutrient loss and accumulation of waste products, causing more extensive damage than hypoxia alone.

Question 3

Basic multiple choice Remembering understanding

What role do reactive oxygen species (ROS) play in cell injury?

They strengthen cellular functions.

They help restore ATP production.

They cause oxidative stress leading to cellular damage.

Correct

They only affect DNA without impacting other components.

Explanation

Reactive oxygen species can cause oxidative stress by oxidizing lipids, proteins, and DNA, leading to functional impairment and cell death.

Question 4

Basic multiple choice Remembering understanding

Which statement about necrosis is true?

It is a controlled and orderly process.

It typically does not involve inflammation.

It directly causes damage to surrounding tissues.

Correct

It is always preceded by apoptosis.

Explanation

Necrosis is characterized by uncontrolled cell death, often resulting in a significant inflammatory response and damage to surrounding healthy tissues.

Question 5

Basic multiple choice Remembering understanding

How does apoptosis differ from necrosis?

Apoptosis causes less inflammation compared to necrosis.

Correct

Necrosis is a normal physiological process.

Apoptosis always results from acute injury.

Necrosis involves phagocyte removal of dead cells.

Explanation

Apoptosis is a programmed process of cell death that minimizes inflammation, allowing for orderly removal of damaged cells, unlike necrosis, which causes significant inflammation.

Question 6

Basic multiple choice Remembering understanding

In the context of myocardial infarction, what combination leads to irreversible cell injury?

Hyperplasia and hypoxia.

Ischemia leading to hypoxia.

Correct

Normal blood flow and oxidative stress.

Acute inflammation and necrosis.

Explanation

Myocardial infarction results from ischemia due to coronary artery blockage, leading to a lack of blood flow and thereby causing hypoxia and irreversible cell injury.

Question 7

Basic multiple choice Remembering understanding

What is one of the primary causes of cellular injury in cirrhosis?

Excessive ATP production.

Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress.

Correct

Decreased lipids in the liver.

Rapid recovery from cell injury.

Explanation

Cirrhosis is primarily caused by chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, often resulting from factors like alcohol abuse or viral hepatitis, leading to cell injury in liver tissues.

Question 8

Basic multiple choice Remembering understanding

What adaptation might a cell undergo in response to persistent stress?

Hypoxia.

Necrosis.

Atrophy.

Correct

Apoptosis.

Explanation

Atrophy is one potential cellular adaptation where cells decrease in size or number in response to persistent stress to maintain function.

Question 9

Basic multiple choice Remembering understanding

What physiological process allows for the removal of cells without inflammation?

Necrosis.

Cell hypertrophy.

Apoptosis.

Correct

Cellular swelling.

Explanation

Apoptosis is the process that enables the orderly removal of damaged or unnecessary cells without causing an inflammatory response.