Integumentary system
The skin(layers and cell types), accessory structures(nail, hair, glands), functions of the integumentary system
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Time limit: 10 minutes
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Question 1
Which layer of the skin is primarily responsible for thermoregulation?
Explanation
The dermis contains blood vessels and sweat glands that help regulate body temperature.
Question 2
What type of cells are primarily responsible for the production of keratin in the epidermis?
Explanation
Basal cells in the epidermis differentiate into keratinocytes, which produce keratin.
Question 3
Which accessory structure is primarily involved in thermoregulation through evaporation?
Explanation
Sweat glands secrete sweat, which evaporates to cool the skin.
Question 4
What is the primary function of melanocytes in the skin?
Explanation
Melanocytes produce melanin, which gives skin its color and protects against UV radiation.
Question 5
Which layer of the skin contains the majority of the accessory structures?
Explanation
The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands, which are important accessory structures.
Question 6
What type of gland secretes oil onto the skin and hair?
Explanation
Sebaceous glands produce sebum, an oily substance that moisturizes the skin.
Question 7
Which skin cell type is primarily involved in sensory perception?
Explanation
Merkel cells are specialized cells that function as touch receptors in the skin.
Question 8
Which component of the integumentary system is responsible for protecting the tips of fingers and toes?
Explanation
Nails provide protection for the delicate tips of fingers and toes.
Question 9
Which layer of the skin serves as a primary cushion and insulator for the body?
Explanation
The hypodermis, or subcutaneous layer, consists of fat that insulates and cushions the body.
Question 10
What is the main role of the stratum corneum in the epidermis?
Explanation
The stratum corneum is the outermost layer, serving as a barrier to protect against pathogens.
Question 11
Which type of hair is fine and usually unpigmented?
Explanation
Vellus hair is soft, fine hair found on much of the body, often invisible or slightly pigmented.
Question 12
The production of Vitamin D in the skin is stimulated by exposure to what?
Explanation
UV radiation from sunlight triggers the synthesis of Vitamin D in the skin.
Question 13
Which protein is primarily found in the hair and nails?
Explanation
Keratin is a fibrous protein that provides structure and strength to hair and nails.
Question 14
Which of the following structures is NOT a part of the integumentary system?
Explanation
The heart is part of the circulatory system, not the integumentary system.
Question 15
What is the primary role of the sebaceous glands?
Explanation
Sebaceous glands secrete sebum, which helps to keep the skin and hair moisturized.
Question 16
What is the primary role of collagen in the dermis?
Explanation
Collagen is a structural protein that provides strength and elasticity to the skin.
Question 17
Which layer of the epidermis is known for undergoing continuous mitosis?
Explanation
The stratum basale is the deepest layer of the epidermis where new cells are produced through cell division.
Question 18
What type of sweat gland is primarily responsible for body cooling?
Explanation
Eccrine glands are responsible for producing sweat that is primarily involved in regulating body temperature.
Question 19
Which layer of the skin contains the most blood vessels and provides nourishment to the epidermis?
Explanation
The dermis contains blood vessels that supply nutrients and oxygen to the epidermis, while also housing nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
Question 20
What is one of the primary functions of sebaceous glands in the integumentary system?
Explanation
Sebaceous glands produce sebum, an oily substance that lubricates and waterproofs the skin and hair, protecting against dryness.