Prokaryotes

Archae and eubacteria

Quiz Type

Practice

Subject

Biology

Level

Level 100

Questions

10 questions

Created By

Martin Oteng Addai

Quick Rules

Time limit: 50 minutes
Multiple attempts are not allowed
All questions must be answered to submit

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Question 1 of 10

Question 1

Basic multiple choice Remembering

What are Archae and eubacteria classified as?

Fungi

Animals

Bacteria

Correct

Plants

Explanation

Archae and eubacteria are both classified as types of bacteria, which are single-celled organisms without a nucleus.

Question 2

Basic multiple choice Understanding

Which of the following best describes the key difference between Archae and eubacteria?

Eubacteria have a nucleus and Archae do not.

Eubacteria can be multicellular, while Archae are always unicellular.

Archae can survive extreme conditions, while eubacteria cannot.

Correct

Eubacteria are older than Archae in evolutionary terms.

Explanation

Archae are known for their ability to thrive in extreme environments, unlike eubacteria, which are more common and do not typically inhabit extreme conditions.

Question 3

Basic multiple choice Remembering

Which statement is true about eubacteria?

They lack cell walls.

They reproduce exclusively through sexual reproduction.

They often have complex cellular structures.

They have peptidoglycan in their cell walls.

Correct

Explanation

Eubacteria possess a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, which is a unique feature that distinguishes them from Archae.

Question 4

Basic multiple choice Remembering

What is a common environment where Archae can be found?

Inside human intestines

In hot springs

Correct

In freshwater lakes

In ocean depths

Explanation

Archae are often found in extreme environments, such as hot springs, where they can withstand high temperatures.

Question 5

Basic multiple choice Understanding

What is the primary structural difference between Archae and eubacteria cell membranes?

Archae have phospholipid bilayers, while eubacteria have single-layer membranes.

Eubacteria have steroid lipids, whereas Archae do not.

Archae have ether-linked lipids, while eubacteria have ester-linked lipids.

Correct

Both have the same type of cell membrane structure.

Explanation

The key difference in cell membrane structure is that Archae have ether-linked lipids, whereas eubacteria have ester-linked lipids.

Question 6

Complex multiple choice Understanding

You are a microbiologist studying extremophiles and discover a new bacterium thriving in high-salinity environments. Considering the characteristics of both archaea and eubacteria, which type of organism is more likely to exhibit these adaptations, and why?

Eubacteria, because they are generally more adaptable to extreme conditions.

Archaea, because they are known to thrive in extreme environments such as high-salinity.

Correct

Eubacteria, as they have a diverse range of metabolic pathways.

Archaea, because they lack a cell wall and can survive better in unique conditions.

Explanation

The correct answer is that Archaea are known for their ability to thrive in extreme environments, such as high salinity, due to unique adaptations in their cell membranes and metabolic pathways. While eubacteria do exhibit diversity, they are not specifically adapted to extreme conditions. The incorrect options reflect misconceptions about eubacterial adaptability and archaea's structure.

Question 7

Complex multiple choice Understanding

A researcher is studying antibiotic resistance in two types of bacteria. After collecting data, they observe that an antibiotic effective against eubacteria does not affect a sample of archaea. What does this imply about the relationships between archaea and eubacteria in terms of cellular structure?

Both archaea and eubacteria have similar cellular structures and share antibiotic resistance.

Archaea and eubacteria have different cellular wall compositions, affecting antibiotic susceptibility.

Correct

Eubacteria are more primitive compared to archaea, leading to their susceptibility to antibiotics.

The antibiotic's effect is irrelevant as both types of bacteria respond similarly to all drugs.

Explanation

The correct response indicates that archaea and eubacteria have fundamentally different cellular wall structures, which explains the variance in antibiotic susceptibility. Eubacteria have peptidoglycan in their cell walls, while archaea do not, leading to differences in how they react to certain antibiotics. The distractors reflect common misconceptions about the evolutionary relationships and cellular composition of these two domains.

Question 8

Case based multiple choice Understanding

[Case Scenario] A biologist is studying extremophiles in a remote hot spring. They discover a microorganism that thrives in high temperatures and has a unique biochemical pathway for metabolizing sulfur compounds. The biologist notes that this microorganism presents characteristics similarities to both archae and eubacteria, particularly in its cell membrane structure and genetic makeup. Question: Based on the case study, which classification of microorganisms does the biologist likely identify the newly discovered microorganism as, and what evidence supports this classification?

The microorganism is classified as eubacteria due to its complex cell wall structure.

The microorganism is classified as archaea due to its ability to thrive in extreme environments and specific metabolic pathways.

Correct

The microorganism belongs to both classifications due to its hybrid characteristics.

The microorganism is likely a virus because it cannot metabolize independently.

Explanation

The organism's ability to thrive in extreme environments and its specific metabolic pathways are key indicators of its classification as archaea rather than eubacteria. Understanding the traits of microorganisms from both domains helps in precise identification and classification.

Question 9

Case based multiple choice Understanding

[Case Scenario] In a laboratory, researchers are comparing the cellular characteristics of two unknown microorganisms. One microorganism displays a lack of a true nucleus and has circular DNA, while the other possesses a lipid bilayer membrane and also has a more complex structure. The researchers suspect the first microorganism might belong to the archaea domain, while the second might be eubacteria. Question: Which feature should researchers focus on to accurately classify these microorganisms into their respective domains?

The presence of a true nucleus is the most distinguishing feature.

Correct

Differences in the cell wall structure of the microorganisms will provide clarity on their classification.

The shape of the organisms should be the primary factor in classification.

The types of metabolic pathways present in the organisms will determine their classification.

Explanation

Focusing on the presence or absence of a true nucleus is essential, as eubacteria do not possess one, while archaea more closely resemble eukaryotes in their cellular structures. This distinction is critical for accurate classification.

Question 10

Case based multiple choice Understanding

[Case Scenario] A microbiologist is conducting a comparative analysis of the genomes of a newly identified archaeon and a commonly known eubacterium. The archaeon is found to have several genes related to extremophilic adaptations, while the eubacterium shows genes linked to antibiotic resistance. The microbiologist's goal is to understand how the genetic differences influence the survival and adaptability of these microorganisms in their respective environments. Question: Which conclusion can be drawn from comparing the genomic characteristics of the archaeon and eubacterium?

The archaeon is more adaptable overall due to its diverse genome associated with different environmental conditions.

Correct

The eubacterium is less adaptable than the archaeon because it only possesses antibiotic resistance genes.

The two microorganisms have no significant differences in survival strategies due to their genetic similarities.

The archaeon can survive better in modern medical environments due to its genetic makeup.

Explanation

The comparative genomic analysis reveals that the archaeon has adaptations for extreme conditions, suggesting a high degree of environmental adaptability. The microbial adaptability is specifically derived from these specialized genetic traits tailored to their survival strategies.