component of celland its function,amino acids
components of a cell and its function,amino acids
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Question 1
Multiple choiceWhat is the function of ribosomes in a cell?
Explanation
Ribosomes are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis by translating messenger RNA into polypeptide chains.
Question 2
Multiple choiceWhich of the following is NOT a component of the endomembrane system?
Explanation
Mitochondria are not part of the endomembrane system; they are energy-producing organelles.
Question 3
Multiple choiceWhat component of the cell membrane is primarily responsible for its selective permeability?
Explanation
The phospholipid bilayer forms the foundational structure of the cell membrane, allowing selective permeability to certain molecules.
Question 4
Multiple choiceWhich organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell'?
Explanation
Mitochondria are known as the 'powerhouse of the cell' because they generate ATP through cellular respiration.
Question 5
Multiple choiceWhat role do amino acids serve in cellular function?
Explanation
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which are essential for numerous cellular functions.
Question 6
Multiple choiceWhich component of the cell is involved in detoxifying poisons and metabolizing drugs?
Explanation
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in detoxifying poisons and metabolizing drugs, especially in liver cells.
Question 7
Multiple choiceWhat structure ensures the transport of proteins and lipids within the cell?
Explanation
The Golgi apparatus processes and packages proteins and lipids for transport within or outside the cell.
Question 8
Multiple choiceWhich type of amino acid is characterized by having properties that allow it to fold proteins correctly?
Explanation
Chiral amino acids can exist in multiple forms and play a crucial role in protein folding and structure.
Question 9
Multiple choiceWhich cell organelle is responsible for generating hydrogen peroxide and its degradation?
Explanation
Peroxisomes are organelles that generate hydrogen peroxide and contain enzymes to break it down, protecting the cell from oxidative damage.
Question 10
Multiple choiceIn what structure does translation occur in a eukaryotic cell?
Explanation
Translation occurs at ribosomes, where messenger RNA is translated into amino acid sequences to form proteins.
Question 11
Multiple choiceWhich type of endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes?
Explanation
Rough endoplasmic reticulum is characterized by ribosomes on its surface, which facilitate protein synthesis.
Question 12
Multiple choiceWhat is the primary role of lysosomes in a cell?
Explanation
Lysosomes contain enzymes necessary for breaking down macromolecules, making them critical for digestion and waste management in cells.
Question 13
Multiple choiceWhat property of amino acids generally impacts protein structure?
Explanation
The hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of amino acids influence how proteins fold and maintain their structure in aqueous environments.
Question 14
Multiple choiceWhich of the following cell components plays a role in cell signaling?
Explanation
Enzymes often participate in signaling pathways by catalyzing reactions in response to signaling molecules.
Question 15
Multiple choiceWhat is the significance of the amphipathic nature of phospholipids in the cell membrane?
Explanation
The amphipathic nature of phospholipids allows them to form a bilayer, with hydrophilic heads facing outwards and hydrophobic tails facing inwards, creating a barrier that is essential for cell integrity.