Cells

Question 1

True false Understanding

Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus.

True

Correct

False

Explanation

This statement is true because prokaryotes, which include bacteria and archaea, do not have a membrane-bound nucleus; instead, their genetic material is located in a nucleoid region.

Question 2

True false Understanding

Prokaryotes can be multicellular and have complex structures.

True

False

Correct

Explanation

This statement is false as prokaryotes are exclusively unicellular and do not form multicellular organisms or possess complex cellular structures like eukaryotes do.

Question 3

True false Understanding

All prokaryotes have cell walls that provide structural support.

True

Correct

False

Explanation

This statement is true; the majority of prokaryotes possess rigid cell walls that help maintain their shape and protect them from external environments.

Question 4

True false Understanding

Prokaryotes reproduce primarily through mitosis.

True

False

Correct

Explanation

This statement is false because prokaryotes reproduce asexually primarily through binary fission, not mitosis, which is a process associated with eukaryotic cell division.

Question 5

True false Understanding

Prokaryotes are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells.

True

Correct

False

Explanation

This statement is true as prokaryotic cells are typically smaller in size compared to eukaryotic cells, which allows them to reproduce quickly and adapt rapidly to environmental changes.

Question 6

Assertion reason Analyzing

Assertion (A): Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms without a nucleus. Reason (R): The absence of a nucleus allows prokaryotes to reproduce more quickly than eukaryotes.

Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Both A and R are true, but R is NOT the explanation of A

Correct

A is true but R is false

A is false but R is true

Explanation

Prokaryotes are indeed unicellular and lack a membrane-bound nucleus. While the absence of a nucleus may contribute to quicker reproduction rates, it is not the only factor affecting reproduction speed and does not explain the definition of prokaryotes.

Question 7

Assertion reason Analyzing

Assertion (A): Prokaryotes can be found in extreme environments. Reason (R): Prokaryotes are more complex than eukaryotes, allowing them to adapt to diverse conditions.

Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Both A and R are true, but R is NOT the explanation of A

Correct

A is true but R is false

A is false but R is true

Explanation

Prokaryotes are indeed known to thrive in extreme environments, such as hot springs and salt lakes. However, they are generally less complex than eukaryotes, and their ability to adapt is attributed to their simple structure and metabolic flexibility rather than complexity.

Question 8

Basic multiple choice Remembering

What type of organism are prokaryotes?

Multicellular organisms

Single-celled organisms

Correct

Eukaryotic organisms

Parasitic organisms

Explanation

Prokaryotes are primarily single-celled organisms, which distinguishes them from multicellular and eukaryotic organisms.

Question 9

Basic multiple choice Understanding

Which of the following best describes prokaryotes?

Organisms with a nucleus

Organisms without a nucleus

Correct

Organisms composed of complex cells

Organisms that can only be found in water

Explanation

Prokaryotes are defined as organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus, differentiating them from eukaryotes.

Question 10

Basic multiple choice Remembering

Which structure is commonly found in prokaryotic cells?

Mitochondria

Cell wall

Correct

Chloroplasts

Endoplasmic reticulum

Explanation

Prokaryotic cells commonly have a cell wall, which provides structural support and protection, unlike the organelles found in eukaryotic cells.

Question 11

Basic multiple choice Understanding

In what environments can prokaryotes be found?

Only in extreme conditions

Only in soil and water

In various environments, including extreme ones

Correct

Only in laboratory settings

Explanation

Prokaryotes are versatile and can inhabit a wide range of environments, including extreme conditions such as hot springs and deep-sea vents.

Question 12

Basic multiple choice Remembering

Prokaryotes reproduce mainly by which process?

Mitosis

Budding

Binary fission

Correct

Meiosis

Explanation

Prokaryotes primarily reproduce through a process called binary fission, where a single cell divides into two identical cells.

Question 13

Complex multiple choice Understanding

A researcher is studying a sample of bacteria. She notes that the cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus. Based on your knowledge of cell types, what can she conclude about the cells in her sample?

The cells are eukaryotic because they form complex structures.

The cells are prokaryotic, which means they are simpler and do not have organized internal structures.

Correct

The cells must be multicellular organisms due to their complexity.

The cells could be eukaryotic but in a specialized state.

Explanation

The correct answer is that the cells are prokaryotic because they lack a membrane-bound nucleus, indicating a simpler organization. The other options misinterpret the characteristics of prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Question 14

Complex multiple choice Applying

During an experiment, a scientist exposes two different strains of bacteria to antibiotics. Strain A survives while Strain B does not. Considering prokaryotic characteristics, what might explain Strain A’s resistance?

Strain A possesses a larger genome that allows it to adapt quickly to antibiotics.

Strain A has acquired a plasmid that codes for antibiotic resistance.

Correct

Strain A is a eukaryotic organism that can survive antibiotics due to its complex structure.

Strain A is somehow less metabolically active than Strain B, allowing it to resist antibiotics.

Explanation

The correct analysis is that Strain A likely acquired a plasmid coding for antibiotic resistance, which is a common trait observed in prokaryotes. The other options fail to apply proper prokaryotic characteristics or confuse eukaryotic and prokaryotic traits.

Question 15

Complex multiple choice Analyzing

A microbiologist is examining the genetic material of a newly discovered organism. The DNA appears circular and lacks histones. Which classification is most appropriate for this organism?

The organism is likely a prokaryote, as it has circular DNA without histones.

Correct

The organism must be a eukaryote because it lacks a nucleus.

This is evidence that the organism is a fungus due to the absence of histones.

The organism belongs to the group of archaea due to its circular DNA.

Explanation

The organism is classified as a prokaryote because it possesses circular DNA without histones, characteristic of prokaryotic organisms, while the other options misattribute properties to the organism based on misconceptions.

Question 16

Complex multiple choice Understanding

Two types of prokaryotic cells are being compared in a classroom setting. Students need to differentiate between them. Which of the following statements correctly highlights a distinction between the two types?

Both types contain membrane-bound organelles, making them prokaryotic.

One type can survive in extreme environments, suggesting it is likely an archaeon.

Correct

Both types are identified as eukaryotes because they have DNA.

One type is heterotrophic while the other type is autotrophic, which does not relate to prokaryotic classification.

Explanation

The statement about one type surviving in extreme environments suggesting it is an archaeon accurately distinguishes between prokaryotic types. The other statements either confuse prokaryotic with eukaryotic features or misrepresent basic prokaryotic characteristics.

Question 17

True false Understanding

Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms without a membrane-bound nucleus.

True

Correct

False

Explanation

This statement is true because prokaryotes, which include bacteria and archaea, are characterized by their unicellular structure and the absence of a membrane-bound nucleus. Instead, their genetic material is located in a region called the nucleoid. This distinguishes them from eukaryotic cells, which do have a membrane-bound nucleus.

Question 18

Basic multiple choice Remembering

What type of organisms are prokaryotes?

Single-celled organisms

Correct

Multicellular organisms

Fungi

Plants

Explanation

Prokaryotes are primarily single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus, distinguishing them from multicellular organisms and eukaryotes like fungi and plants.

Question 19

Basic multiple choice Understanding

Which of the following characteristics is typical of prokaryotes?

Lack of a nucleus

Correct

Presence of membrane-bound organelles

Development from zygotes

Complex cellular structures

Explanation

Prokaryotes are characterized by their lack of a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, which sets them apart from eukaryotic cells.

Question 20

Basic multiple choice Remembering

In which domain are prokaryotes classified?

Bacteria and Archaea

Correct

Eukarya

Animalia

Plantae

Explanation

Prokaryotes are classified into two domains: Bacteria and Archaea, which are distinct from eukaryotic domains such as Eukarya, Animalia, and Plantae.

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