Inflammation
Vascular response and Cellular response
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Time limit: 5 minutes
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Question 1
Multiple choiceWhat is the primary purpose of the vascular response during inflammation?
Explanation
The vascular response increases blood flow and vascular permeability, allowing immune cells to reach the site of injury or infection effectively.
Question 2
Multiple choiceWhich of the following changes is NOT a part of the vascular response?
Explanation
Transmigration of leukocytes is part of the cellular response, not the vascular response.
Question 3
Multiple choiceDuring the cellular response, which of the following cells is primarily involved in phagocytosis?
Explanation
Macrophages are specialized immune cells that play a critical role in phagocytosis by engulfing and digesting cellular debris and pathogens.
Question 4
Multiple choiceWhat role do cytokines play in the cellular response?
Explanation
Cytokines are critical signaling molecules that help regulate various immune responses, including the recruitment and activation of immune cells during inflammation.
Question 5
Multiple choiceWhich type of immune response primarily involves T cells and B cells?
Explanation
The adaptive immune response involves the activation of T cells and B cells, which provide a specific response to pathogens.
Question 6
Multiple choiceWhich process describes the movement of leukocytes out of the blood vessels into the tissue?
Explanation
Diapedesis refers to the movement of leukocytes through the endothelium and out of the blood vessels into the tissue during the inflammatory response.
Question 7
Multiple choiceWhich is a common effect of the vascular response in acute inflammation?
Explanation
The vascular response leads to vasodilation, which increases blood flow to the area, causing redness (erythema) and warmth.
Question 8
Multiple choiceWhat is the role of chemokines in the cellular response?
Explanation
Chemokines are signaling proteins that attract immune cells to the site of infection or injury, facilitating an effective immune response.
Question 9
Multiple choiceHow does the vascular response contribute to the cellular response?
Explanation
The vascular response increases blood flow and vascular permeability, facilitating the movement of immune cells to the affected area to mount a response.
Question 10
Multiple choiceWhich inflammatory mediator is primarily responsible for initiating the vascular response?
Explanation
Histamine is a key mediator that causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability during the initial stages of the vascular response.