GEMP - Drug Absorption, Metabolism, Distribution and Elimination

Drug Absorption, Metabolism, Distribution and Elimination Introduction The pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption, metabolism, distribution, and elimination (ADME) play a critical role in determining the pharmacological effects of medications. Understanding these processes is essential for medical professionals as they inform decisions related to drug dosing, efficacy, and safety. This ...

Quiz Type

Practice

Subject

Pharmacology

Level

Level 300

Questions

8 questions

Created By

Premio Quest

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Question 1 of 8

Question 1

Multiple choice

What is the main purpose of Phase I reactions in drug metabolism?

Conjugation of metabolites

Oxidation and reduction of lipophilic compounds

Correct

Excretion of water-soluble metabolites

Protein binding

Explanation

Phase I reactions involve the modification of lipophilic compounds, primarily through oxidation and reduction.

Question 2

Multiple choice

What effect can protein binding have on drug pharmacology?

All drugs are equally protein-bound

Only bound drugs exert pharmacological effects

Changes in protein levels can affect drug action

Correct

Protein binding decreases drug solubility

Explanation

Only unbound drugs can exert pharmacological effects; thus, variations in protein levels affect drug actions.

Question 3

Multiple choice

Which route of administration typically provides the highest bioavailability?

Oral

Intravenous

Correct

Topical

Inhaled

Explanation

Intravenous administration leads to 100% bioavailability, as the drug directly enters systemic circulation.

Question 4

Multiple choice

Which of the following factors can alter a drug's half-life?

Age

Correct

Route of administration

Drug formulation

Color of the drug

Explanation

Factors such as age, body weight, organ function, and genetic characteristics can alter a drug's half-life.

Question 5

Multiple choice

What potential interaction can occur between warfarin and rifampin?

Warfarin increases rifampin metabolism

Rifampin reduces warfarin's protein binding

Correct

Warfarin is excreted in increased amounts

Rifampin enhances warfarin's anticoagulant effect

Explanation

Rifampin can displace warfarin from its protein binding sites, increasing the free fraction of warfarin and bleeding risk.

Question 6

Multiple choice

What is the purpose of drug elimination?

To convert lipophilic drugs into hydrophilic metabolites

To enhance the pharmacological effect of a drug

To remove drugs or their metabolites from the body

Correct

To bind drugs to plasma proteins

Explanation

Drug elimination is the process of removing drugs or their metabolites from the body, crucial for preventing toxicity.

Question 7

Multiple choice

What can influence the distribution of drugs in the body?

Body temperature

Volume of Distribution (Vd) and protein binding

Correct

Histamine levels

Diet composition

Explanation

Drug distribution can be influenced by the Volume of Distribution (Vd) and the extent of protein binding.

Question 8

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements correctly describes the influence of drug metabolism on pharmacokinetics?

Phase I reactions primarily involve conjugation with water-soluble molecules.

Drug metabolism increases the lipophilicity of compounds to enhance excretion.

Cytochrome P450 enzymes are not involved in drug metabolism processes.

Phase I reactions involve modification through enzyme action, converting lipophilic compounds to hydrophilic metabolites.

Correct

Explanation

Phase I reactions in drug metabolism involve modifications such as oxidation and reduction that convert lipophilic drugs into more hydrophilic metabolites, making them easier to excrete from the body.