HADE 115
Chain of infection
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Time limit: 10 minutes
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Multiple attempts are not allowed
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All questions must be answered to submit
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Question 1
Which component of the chain of infection refers to how the infection is transmitted?
Explanation
Mode of transmission describes how the infectious agent is spread from one host to another.
Question 2
What is the first step in the chain of infection?
Explanation
The infectious agent is the first step in the chain of infection, initiating the process.
Question 3
Which of the following is a susceptible host in the chain of infection?
Explanation
A susceptible host is someone who is vulnerable to infection, such as a person with a weakened immune system.
Question 4
What is the role of a reservoir in the chain of infection?
Explanation
The reservoir serves as the source for the infectious agent where it lives and multiplies.
Question 5
Which step in the chain of infection follows the 'infectious agent'?
Explanation
After identifying the infectious agent, the next step is the reservoir, where the agent lives before transmission.
Question 6
A hospital outbreak of influenza occurs among staff and patients. To prevent further infections, the infection control team needs to identify and interrupt the chain of infection. What is the first step they should take to break this chain?
Explanation
The correct step is to identify the infectious agent responsible for the outbreak as this is fundamental in the chain of infection; understanding the agent allows for appropriate control measures. Isolating symptomatic patients, increasing hand hygiene, and vaccinating are responses that may help control the infection but do not directly address identifying the chain's origin.
Question 7
In a step towards eliminating a bacterial infection in a community, a health department is assessing the factors in the chain of infection. Which relationship should they prioritize to effectively reduce the transmission of the bacteria?
Explanation
Minimizing host susceptibility directly impacts the effectiveness of reducing the chain of infection, as healthier individuals have a lower chance of infection. While killing bacteria, educating the public, and increasing healthcare access are important, they do not directly address the key aspect of susceptibility which can break the chain of infection effectively.
Question 8
[Case Scenario] In a hospital setting, a patient with a respiratory infection is admitted. The healthcare team follows strict protocols to prevent the spread of infection, including using personal protective equipment (PPE) and implementing hand hygiene practices. However, despite these measures, several staff members begin to show symptoms of the infection. Upon investigation, it was found that a healthcare worker had not followed proper hand hygiene after interacting with the infected patient. Question: What stage of the chain of infection was primarily disrupted in this scenario?
Explanation
In the described scenario, the mode of transmission was compromised due to a failure in hand hygiene, leading to the infection spreading among healthcare workers. Ensuring this stage of the chain of infection is managed properly is crucial to prevent further outbreaks.
Question 9
[Case Scenario] During a community health surveillance program, officials report an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness linked to a local restaurant. Investigators linked the outbreak to contaminated food prepared by a cook who had not washed their hands after using the restroom. The health department intervened, closing the restaurant temporarily and conducting an inspection to identify the source of contamination. Question: At which point in the chain of infection does the investigation focus to prevent future outbreaks?
Explanation
The investigation emphasizes the mode of transmission by correcting the behavior related to food handling and hygiene, which is crucial to prevent similar outbreaks in the future.
Question 10
[Case Scenario] An epidemiologist is reviewing data from a recent influenza outbreak in a school. The outbreak was traced back to a few students who were symptomatic but continued to attend school, leading to further spread among peers. To address this issue, the epidemiologist plans to implement an educational campaign focused on the importance of staying home when ill. Question: What aspect of the chain of infection does the epidemiologist aim to modify through this campaign?
Explanation
The primary goal of the educational campaign is to modify the mode of transmission by encouraging students to remain home when symptomatic, thereby reducing the risk of spreading the influenza virus to others.